Sermon: “What is Wrong with the Rapture”

The Rev. Barbara Merritt

January 9, 2005

First Reading: -Revelations 8: 7-13

When the first angel blew his trumpet, there came hail and then fire mixed with blood, which was hurled down to the earth. A third of the land was scorched, along with a third of the trees and every green plant.

When the second angel blew his trumpet, something like a huge mountain all in flames was cast into the sea. A third of the sea turned to blood, a third of the creatures living in the sea died, and a third of the ships were wrecked.

When the third angel blew his trumpet, a huge star burning like a torch crashed down from the sky. It fell on a third of the rivers and the springs. The star’s name was “Wormwood” because a third part of the water turned to wormwood. Many people died from this polluted water.

When the fourth angel blew his trumpet, a third of the sun, a third of the moon, and a third of the stars were hit hard enough to be plunged into darkness. The day lost a third of its light, as did the night.

As my vision continued, I heard an eagle flying in the mid-heaven cry out in a loud voice, ‘Woe, woe, and again woe to the inhabitants of earth from the trumpet blasts the other three angels are about to blow!’

 

 

Second Reading:    “A Work of Lamentation” by Joshua Leavitt (in Parabola)

Why are human beings so fascinated by scenarios of impending destruction? From the expectation of the End of Days in the monotheistic traditions, to current predictions of ecological disaster, from Hopi prophecies of ashes falling from the sky, to the apocalyptical contemporary rave culture, from Hindu myths of the Kaliyuga, to the ever-popular Nostradamus, we are haunted by images of a massive catastrophe awaiting us. Why, moreover, is this projected catastrophe almost always followed by a millennium in which unprecedented harmony reigns? Messianic Taoist and Buddhist sects, Marxist groups that look to a socialist utopia all express the view that a new era of peace will emerge out of a time of chaos. The pervasiveness of these twin themes in drastically different cultures and historical periods suggests that they some key role in the human psyche.

My own understanding of the function of apocalypse comes from Judaism… In Judaism there is a catastrophic scenario for the future, but there is also the catastrophic quality of the past: a series of shattering losses, beginning with the Garden of Eden itself, stretches down into the present century… One mourns…for a brokenness at the very core of the world.

We moderns tend to dismiss the apocalypse as a neurotic death wish and the millennium as a naïve fantasy. It may be, however, that desperate, coded messages from our own psyches are telling us that we need an outlet for our terror and our rage. We are, after all, the ones destroying the world around us; we are the ones lashing out at each other in blind fear. When we refuse to face the demons within us, we see them instead in others, and we are haunted collectively by apocalyptic nightmares. To avoid playing out these grim prophecies, we must find a way to come to terms with the inner impulses they express as the myth of apocalypse keeps reminding us, the darkness will not just go away. Instead, it must be transformed.


Sermon: “What is Wrong with the Rapture”

 

 

I am of the generation that spent some time in the early years of elementary school under our desks. That was the then preferred method for protecting small children in the case of nuclear bombs going off in the vicinity. Even in 2nd grade, the desk seemed to me a little small to protect me from powerful bombs.

But the fear of real annihilation was transmitted to me by my mother when I was about 11 or 12. As an Admiral’s wife, there came a day when she was invited on a special tour of the White House, and the General’s wives and the Admiral’s wives were taken into the War Room and were shown the Box. She described to me, in great detail, the button that, if detonated, would release all of the nuclear missiles into Russia, and the end of the world would truly have begun. Or so I believed. I never thought I’d live to see my 16th birthday. I grew up with my very own apocalypse scenario. Throughout the ages those of us who have thought a collapse of civilization was imminent have had a lot of company.

But a recent speech by Bill Moyers, the retiring TV commentator on PBS, refocused my attention on those who claim that we are now at the end of human history.

Previously, I had dismissed as a few fanatics those with bumper stickers proclaiming that their cars would soon be vacant due to the “Rapture.” Rapt up in the love of their Lord, they are the inheritors of a 19th-century prophecy, the “pre-millennium” believers: that before seven years of catastrophic events, before the thousand year reign of the ascended Christ, the Christian believers would be taken out. Jeremy Falwell is pretty specific about what will happen:

You say ”what’s going to happen on this earth when the Rapture occurs? You’ll be riding along in an automobile; you’ll be the driver, perhaps; you’ll be a Christian; there’ll be several people in the automobile with you, may someone who is not Christian. When the trumpet sounds, you and the other born-again Christians in that automobile will be instantly caught away, you’ll disappear, leaving behind only your clothing and physical things that cannot inherit eternal life. That unsaved person or persons in the automobile will suddenly be startled to find that the car is moving along without a driver, and suddenly somewhere crashes. Those saved people in the car have disappeared. Other cars on the highway driven by believers will suddenly be out of control. Stark pandemonium will occur on that highway and on every highway in the world where Christians are caught away from the world.

Now part of freedom of religion is that people can believe whatever they want about the circumstances in which they might depart this world. But Bill Moyers points out that some of those particular true-believers are now occupying policy-making positions of power in our government. When the then Secretary of Interior, James Watt told the U.S. Congress that “protecting the environment was unimportant in light of the imminent return of Christ…after the last tree is felled, Christ will come back,” I wrongly assumed that he was a radical, minority voice. Now we learn that, at least according to recent polls, 40% of Americans believe in the final battle of Armageddon; 59% of Americans believe that the prophecies in the Book of Revelations are literally true. And there are people we have elected to high offices in this country who sincerely believe that war in the Middle-East is a good indication that Jesus is coming soon, that war in Baghdad is essential to biblical prophecy, and that an environmental crisis, like global warming, is an eschatologcal blessing. Now before a general liberal religious panic sets in, we need to carefully understand human history. How prevalent are these apocalyptic stories? The answer is that they are universal and found in every age.

The Sumerians were sure that the world was coming to an end. They had proof in the form of an ill-shapen sheep’s liver and some constellation of stars that didn’t look good.

Virgil, before the birth of Jesus, in 40 B.C.E. wrote that “the Iron Age was coming to an end and that a new Golden Age would emerge.”

The Cheyenne Native-American legend is that the “Great White Beaver  of the North” is constantly gnawing on the tree that holds up the universe, and when he finishes the earth will crash into a bottomless pit. (As if you didn’t have enough to worry about, considering adding the “Great Beaver of the Apocalypse.”)

The Koran, the Buddhists, the Hindus, the Jews, and the Christians have all told end-time stories and developed their own unique eschatologies. In the year one thousand, almost all of Rome, went out on a hill to see the end of history and the rebirth of Jesus. There was much weeping and excited anticipation…and then they went home that night, amazed that the day had been rather ordinary.

The Millerists, in early 19th century America, were certain that in 1843 the end of the world would occur. When it didn’t, they claimed that the world had ended on a higher spiritual plane. As Gary Willis, a professor of American Culture writes: “Those aching for catastrophe cannot be soothed by continuity.”

In 1906 the San Francisco earthquake was considered absolute proof that the final judgment had arrived.

In our own time, the humanist secular tradition has taken up the great apocalyptic narrative. Historian, Richard Erdoes writes:

“Perfectly sane people, among them scientists and Nobel laureates, predict humankind’s demise due to overpopulation, famines, deforestation, pollution, depletion of the earth’s ozone layer, errors in human engineering, or simply the collapse of civilization due to the exhaustion of essential, nonrenewable raw materials.”

People take these stories in deadly seriousness. I had one couple resign from this church because I would not accept their apocalyptic story that a nuclear war would obliterate all life, all hope, and God’s grace. I must admit that I identify more with Mark Twain’s assessment that we won’t go down in a great blaze of calamity, we’ll be done in by small fears: the daily grind, what Mark Twain calls “one damn thing after another.” But I am in the minority.

A lot more people take to the great drama of catastrophe, cataclysmic events and battles of epic proportion. What is that about?

From a purely psychological perspective, you could understand an apocalyptic story as a self-referential statement that “my time is the most important time.” “I’m living at the precise cosmic moment of the greatest significance.” “What happens in my lifetime is what will ultimately matter for all time.”

And for any of you who still entertain the delusional belief that human beings are rational, consider the enormous disassociation with all memory of previous human history. If you believe that the Rapture is imminent, then you have to be blind to all the previous false prophecies. Even though the world has not come to an end in the last 5,000 years of recorded human history, despite literally hundreds of forecasts, and authoritative predictions, people in our own day sincerely believe that this time, it is really going to happen. Again, we must as ourselves “why?”

The novelist, Laurie King makes an astute observation:

We forget, those of us who live our lives conversant with computer terminals and with scientists who gaze into invisible stars or manipulate the genetic building blocks of living matter, that there is an entire population living, as it were, on the edge, who feel as powerless as children and cling, therefore, to any sign of alternate possibilities.

            My colleague, The Rev. Burton Carly draws our attention to that same population:

Why would 62 million people find this world-view of the Rapture so attractive? At one level, the frame of mind that embraces a kind of survivalist vision coupled with such protracted end-time violence seems to be a theology of despair. It is a closed ended system that is ticking toward its inevitable conclusion, and the only mystery is exactly where the world is in the countdown, and the only freedom is deciding if the individual will join the ranks of the “us” or the “them.”

As strange as it may seem, I have concluded that as hopeless as the apocalyptic scenario is, the compelling element in it is a kind of hopefulness. The hopefulness is that in the end, or after the end to be more precise, a particular order and set of values will triumph over all others. This offers a kind of certitude amid the social change and international chaos of this time.

It is the hope of certainty that people hunger for. This leads to an absolutist theology and politics that shrinks the complexities of life to fit a smaller certainty.

In the past, I have kept my silence about the Rapture and about the apocalyptic stories of the religious right. One of the foundational principals of liberal religion is religious tolerance. Even though I don’t agree with the fundamentalists, they have the right to believe whatever they want about God and history. Even more important (to me personally) is my conviction that Unitarian Universalism has to stand on its own strength; we are never to belittle or attack another faith. We do not grow stronger by attempting to argue that someone else’s religion is weak. Too frequently we judge ourselves by our own best principals, and then judge others by their greatest flaws and limitations.

So why am I focusing on the Rapture this morning?

Well, it began with Bill Moyer’s speech; that illustrated with great clarity that there are many people today who will not protest if 1/3 of the land is scorched from global warming – if 1/3 of our trees die, or if every single green plant perishes. (They will think that the Book of Revelation if finally coming true.)

But with the terrible tsunami in South East Asia two weeks ago the situation worsened. I will quote what I found at one of the online “Rapture” sites: ”This is it, the end is here…and it is all right, and acceptable, for the unbelievers children to die.”

When it was reported that the earthquake was so severe that it caused the earth to wobble on its axis, these groups were disappointed to find no reference to this possibility in scripture. I must admit that I was pretty amused by one man’s comments. He said that he was certain that the end of the world had come; that there was nothing he could do to stop the perilous events (nor would he want to because it was the Lord’s plan)…but nevertheless, he “is going to leave his coastal home for a safer location, not wishing to be in the path of potential harm…even so, come Lord Jesus.”

Now, the folks in the evangelical community who are happy about the tsunami are clearly the radical fringe. I would bet that the evangelists give more generously than Unitarian Universalists in sending aid and relief. But at the very least, out in the market-place of ideas, they are winning impressively. There are 67 million of them, and only 150,000 of us.

But even when religious liberal voices are few, I believe that the time has come for us to be louder and more public in at least three aspects.

First, we need to teach others that we believe the Bible to be a book written by human beings about the human condition. And while Jewish and Christian scripture is full of sublime truths and great stories and tremendous insights into the meanings and values that make life worth living, the Bible is also full of errors and dangerous, violent fantasies. The Bible has a lot of wrong information and terrible prejudice. The darkness of human hatred, desire for revenges, and indifference to the suffering of others is fully described and sometimes recommended in the Bible (as is love, compassion, and the possibilities for transformation. It is a complicated, contradictory book.) We need to say that loudly.

Second, rather than attacking the “Rapture” narrative with a dismissive, cold, rationalist critique, we would do well to bring our curiosity and compassion to those in our culture who feel profoundly disempowered, frightened, and uncertain about their futures. I don’t believe it is an accident that the places where fundamentalists religions thrive usually have the highest unemployment rates, the highest divorce rates, and the lowest health insurance coverage. Sometimes old-fashioned despair and frustration can be disguised in the form of a cosmic showdown, in a desperate cry for change. In apocalyptic stories the disempowered believe they will be the winners (and everyone else will be the losers.) It is an ancient story; us and them. We are absolutely right, and you, you are completely wrong (and lost and damned.) Religious liberals need to acknowledge the pain that this stance comes out of.

Which brings me to the third (and most important) responsibility that I believe religious liberals have to take on in today’s world. As religious conservatives focus on judgment and final resolutions, let religious liberals focus on the religious principals at the opposite pole. Let us focus on what mercy is like, on the ultimate acceptability of every child of God…on the ongoing creative endeavor of human effort. If we do not believe in a God of harsh judgment and terrible torture, but a God of mercy and forgiveness and love, then how will people know that? I mean when we disagree politically How will the world know that we believe every child’s suffering is significant no matter what their religious beliefs, their religious doubts, or their educational level?

How will we model mercy to our own children? To our neighbors? To the stranger? How will you model mercy and compassion and patience with Jerry Falwell, or with the “Rapture-believing” relative in your extended family? How will people in Sri Lanka and Thailand and Indonesia know that we will do all we can to alleviate some of their devastating loss and suffering?

What is wrong with the “Rapture,” is only what is wrong with human beings. We get scared. We get discouraged. We get angry. And we seek comfort in stories that assure us that ultimately we are loved.

The work of the free church is to convince people everywhere that they are loved right now. What a wonderful day that will be, when people won’t need to believe that they will have to vacate their cars in order to know that they are important. Today, may we work at building a world where no one fears a “Last Day of Judgment”…a land where what is broken is made whole, where human fearfulness is turned into courage. It is our common and sacred work to create a world where everyone feels welcomed.